The simplest definition of midwifery is "with woman", but truly, midwifery means different things to different people. For many, the Midwifery Model of Care is an attitude about women and how pregnancy and birth occur, and view that pregnancy and birth are normal events until proven otherwise. It is an attitude of giving and sharing information, of empowerment, and of respecting the right of a woman and her family to determine their own care.

Historically, midwives have always been around to help women give birth. Before physicians, midwives were the primary healers in their communities. They were the medicine women of their own cultures, and assisted families and women throughout their lives. In the Old Testament they were described as examples of the strength and faith in God. Midwives were once the nutritionists, herbalists, doctors, ministers, counselors all rolled into one 'profession'. Many feel they were the first holistic practitioners. Midwives were always available to help the poor, the women without medical care or the women who were the outcasts of their culture.

Today, midwives take care of anyone who wishes to see them, but practice within the constraints of their medical and legal systems.  Midwives are as diverse as the populations they serve. Over 70% of births in the world are attended by midwives.